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“A TCK is a person who grows up in a different culture to that of their parents due to their parents’ job.” This definition has been created for the specific purpose of this website. It is a merging of the various definitions that are to be found. A Brief History of the TCK Definition: Ruth Hill Useem was a sociologist who introduced the concept of Third Culture Kid (TCK) to describe children who spent part of their developmental years in a foreign culture due to their parents' working abroad. In 1984 Norma McCaig coined the term Global Nomad (which is synonymous with Third Culture Kid.) “A global nomad is anyone of any nationality who has lived outside their parents’ country of origin (or their “passport country”) before adulthood because of a parent’s occupation. In 1999 Dave Pollock and Ruth Van Reken expanded upon the definition of Third Culture Kid in their book “Third Culture Kids: Growing up Among Worlds”. This is one of the most widely used definitions today. “A third-culture kid is an individual who, having spent a significant part of their develop-mental years in a culture other than their parents’ home culture, develops a sense of relationship to all of the cultures, while not having full ownership in any. Elements from each culture are incorporated into the life experience, but the sense of belonging is in relationship to others of similar experience.” Most recently Ruth Van Reken and Paulette Bethel developed a further definition “Cross Cultural Kids”. This is in recognition of the shared experiences that kids have growing up cross culturally. However it still recognizes the specific groups covered by this definition. "A Cross-Cultural Kid (CCK) is a person who has lived in—or meaningfully interacted with—two or more cultural environments for a significant period of time during developmental years.” Reference: Norma McCaig - Global Nomads Ruth Van Reken - www.crosscultralkids.org Dave Pollock - deceased - material in care of: http://www.interactionintl.org
Ruth Hill Useem - deceased - material in care of: Ann B. Cottrell - http://homepage.mac.com/adcottrell/ann/annindex.html For a fuller discussion of the definitions, do have a look at the following web page: http://www.incengine.org/incEngine/sites/figt/information/gn-tck-atck-schaetti.htm |
